Conventional wisdom has held that while China’s AI buildout is constrained by lack of access to advanced chips, the US will be slowed by the scarcity and cost of electricity. Solving the power constraint is indeed a problem: AI data centers are suddenly adding a lot of new electricity
demand on a system that has not grown in two decades. But aside from building new power plants and transmission lines—a long slog—there is a lot the US can do to squeeze more juice out of the current infrastructure.